Systems and methods for providing continuing access to a remote computer program

ABSTRACT

Systems and methods are provided for using a file-sharing service to identify, execute, and provide continuing access to remote computer programs. In certain embodiments, a list of files to be accessed remotely is provided to a first device, a selection is received from a user at the first device identifying a file from the provided list, and an application is executed on a second device to access a copy of the identified file, which is synchronized with a file-sharing service.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation of commonly owned U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/571,127, entitled: SYSTEMS AND METHODS FORPROVIDING CONTINUING ACCESS TO A REMOTE COMPUTER PROGRAM, filed on Dec.15, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,811,528, which claims priority to U.S.Provisional Application No. 61/916,471 filed on Dec. 16, 2013. Thepresent application is also related to U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/119,890 filed on May 23, 2012 and U.S. patent application Ser. No.13/514,984 filed on Dec. 9, 2010. All of these applications areincorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to providing remote access toapplications and files. More particularly, the present invention relatesto systems and methods for providing continuing access to remotecomputer programs and accessing files stored by file-sharing servicesusing remote programs.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In many known computer remote access tools, a user may connect to aremote device from another client computer/device such as a workstationusing a remote access program or protocol. A user may receive at hisworkstation a display representative of the display of the remotelyaccessed computer. Using remote access programs, the user may thencontrol the remote computer by performing actions such as, mouse clicksor taps (on touch-sensitive devices) or keyboard actions, which aretransmitted to the remote device through a communication means such as anetwork.

A remote device may refer to desktop, personal computer, tablet, server,cellular phone or any device capable of executing software programs.Typically, a remote computer has a number of programs installed locally.For some users, it may be desirable to access one or more programsinstalled locally at a remote device from a computer/device which doesnot have the program locally stored. In other cases, it may be desirableto access one or more programs installed at a remote device, from acomputer/device which has the program locally stored. In these cases,the user may wish to have the benefit of the settings/configuration ofthe program stored at the remote computer rather than the one storedlocally at the client. In still other cases, the user may wish to use adifferent version of the program stored locally at the remote device,rather than the one stored locally at the client.

In certain known methods, to access a remotely located program, the usermay have to remember in which remote device the desired program isinstalled. Furthermore, the user may need to remember or know additionalinformation such as a username, password, and/or IP address of theremote computer in order to access and/or execute a remotely locatedprogram.

Additionally, problems may occur with respect to the remote device. Forexample, the remote computer may lose network connectivity, such that itcan no longer be accessed by the user's client device. Alternatively, aremote device may not be capable of providing the user with adequateservice. For example, the remote device may have network connectivityissues such as high latency and/or low bandwidth or the processingresources of the device itself may be insufficient. These processingresources may be statically limited due to hardware (e.g., having a slowprocessor or graphics card) or dynamically limited to the number ofprograms running on the remote device at any given time.

Thus, with respect to known methods, it becomes a task within itself tofind a remote computer capable of providing adequate resources to theuser. This process of trying different remote computers/devices may bevery inefficient, causing delay, which in turn frustrates the user.Accordingly, it is beneficial to automatically select a remote device orprovide the user with a choice of a remote device based upon resourceusage statistics gathered from remotely accessible computers.

In known methods, if a user remotely connects to a remote device andruns a program, this device may lose connectivity to the user's devicefor any number of reasons (e.g., system crash or network problems),causing the user to be disconnected from the remote device and theprogram. The user may then need to try connecting to another remotedevice and program manually. This lost connection may also cause theuser to lose a portion of their work. Accordingly, when a remote deviceloses connectivity to the user's device, it is beneficial toautomatically connect the user to a new remote device and program. It isalso beneficial to save, for the benefit of the user, work performed atthe original remote device and provide it to the new remote device andprogram. In certain embodiments, this saving may be performed using afile-sharing service.

Certain well-known cloud file-sharing services such as DropBox, Box,Google Docs/Drive, Microsoft SkyDrive, etc., allow the user to store andshare data/files. These services may also provide the user the abilityto view or make limited modifications to certain file-types/formatssupported by the file-sharing service. However, the interfaces providedby these services often provide limited functionality, not the robustand familiar feature set of locally stored applications. Accordingly,for supported file-types/formats it is beneficial to provide users withremote access to full-featured programs for viewing or modifying thefiles stored on cloud file-sharing services. Furthermore, forunsupported file-types/formats, it is beneficial to provide users withremote access to programs capable of viewing or modifying the filesstored on cloud file-sharing services.

SUMMARY OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present invention may provide a system and method forproviding continuing access to a remote computer program. Certainembodiments of the present invention may associate a remotely storedfile with a corresponding computer program and/or remote device. Incertain embodiments, the remotely stored file may be synchronized usinga file-sharing service. In certain embodiments, the system may includeone or more program tools to run a computer program on a remote device,detect the failure of the remote device, connect to an alternativeassociated remote device in response to the detection of the failure,and execute a program on the alternative device. Certain embodiments ofthe present invention may include a program identification tool forassociating identified remote computer programs, identified remotedevices, and/or identified alternative remote devices with remotelystored files by analyzing and detecting all or a subset of theinformation about the identified remote computer program (e.g., name,version, associated files types) and/or the identified remote device(e.g., name, IP address, available resources). Certain embodiments ofthe present invention may include a client application to receiveinformation about said associations from said identification tool, todisplay a remotely executing computer program, and to control theremotely executing computer program. Remote computer programs may beinstalled locally on one or more devices. In certain embodiments, aclient application may receive information about remotely stored files.In certain embodiments, the remotely stored files may also be storedlocally and synchronized using a cloud file-sharing service. In certainembodiments of the present invention, a client application may be usedto select a remote computer program using a selected file and executethe remote computer program on a different device.

Embodiments of the present invention may provide systems and methods forusing a file-sharing service to identify, execute, and providecontinuing access to a remote computer program. To do this, for example,one or more remote server and/or devices may be configured to receive alist of applications that are candidates for remote execution and/or toassociate file-type identifiers with the candidate applications in thereceived list. The remote server and/or device may be configured tostore device identifiers associated with a device and/or applicationidentifiers associated with candidate applications. The remote serverand/or device may be configured to provide, to another device, a list offiles to be accessed remotely. The remote server and/or device may beconfigured to receive a selection from a user at a device, whichidentifies at least one file to be accessed from the provided list. Theremote server and/or device may be configured to determine a targetfile-type identifier associated with the identified file based on thereceived selection. The remote server and/or device may be configured toselect a stored device identifier and/or a stored application identifierbased on a target file type identifier. Identifiers or other data may bestored in non-volatile media (e.g., a hard drive) or in volatile media(e.g., RAM). The remote server and/or device may be configured to causea candidate application associated with an application identifier toexecute locally on a selected device associated with a deviceidentifier. The selected device may be different from the device thatwas provided with the list of files to be accessed remotely. The remoteserver and/or device may be configured to cause the candidateapplication to access a copy of an identified file, which may besynchronized with a file-sharing service.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further features of the invention, its nature and various advantageswill be more apparent from the following detailed description of theembodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings inwhich:

FIG. 1 is a schematic block illustration of a system for executing aremote computer program, accessing files using the remote computerprogram, and providing continuing access to a remote program accordingto some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for identifying a remotecomputer program according to embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for selecting a remotecomputer program according to embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for providing continuingaccess to a remote computer program according to embodiments of thepresent invention;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for accessing a selectedfile with a remote computer program according to embodiments of thepresent invention;

FIG. 6 is an illustration of a system for executing a remote computerprogram, accessing files using the remote computer program, andproviding continuing access to a remote program according to someembodiments of the present invention; and

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for executing a remotecomputer program, accessing files using the remote computer program, andproviding continuing access to a remote program according to someembodiments of the present invention.

It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration,elements shown in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale.For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggeratedrelative to other elements for clarity. Further, where consideredappropriate, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures toindicate corresponding or analogous elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

In the following detailed description, numerous specific examples areset forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention.However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the artthat the present invention may be practiced without these specificexamples. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures,components, and circuits have not been described in detail so as not toobscure the present invention. For example, a database may be used,however, its structure and relationships are not described in detail asit is understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that a databasemay be used in any number of ways to store and retrieve information toimplement various embodiments of the present invention.

Systems and methods according to embodiments of the present inventionmay provide a connection between a user's device and a remote device toenable a user to execute and remotely access/control a program storedlocally on one or more devices that are remote from the user's device.

Further, systems and methods according to embodiments of the presentinvention may enable continuing access to a remote program. According tocertain embodiments, if/when the user's device loses connectivity to theremote device and/or remote application, systems and methods describedherein may be able to allow the user to continue working with minimal orno interruption. More specifically, embodiments of the present inventionmay provide a continuously running computer program tool to enableremote access to/control of a remote computer program and to switch suchaccess and control among a group of remote devices to continue runningthe remote computer program. In certain embodiments, switching to analternative device when connectivity to the original selected remotedevice is lost may involve terminating the application executingremotely on the original selected device, when that remote deviceregains connectivity.

To provide such switching, certain embodiments of the present inventionmay analyze the performance of a known collection of remote devicesbased upon a number of factors. Using data about the remote devicescorresponding to these factors, the best performing device may beidentified. Depending on the application, the best performing device maybe the remote device with the most available processing resources (e.g.,fastest CPU, most memory, fastest graphics card, or most disk space). Inother instances, the best performing device may be the one with thelowest network latency or the highest network bandwidth. For example,for computation intensive (e.g., CPU bound) programs processingcapability may the most important factor. However, for interactive(e.g., drawing, media) applications, network latency may be the mostimportant factor. In certain embodiments, the user will be asked toprovide information about the program in order to establish the relativeimportance of the factors.

In certain embodiments, the relative importance of the factorspertaining to well-known programs is stored and no user inquiry is madeas those programs. In certain embodiments, the analysis may be performedprior to connecting the user's device to a remote device for the firsttime, continuously, or periodically. Based upon the outcome of aninitial, periodic, or continuous analysis, the user's device mayautomatically connect to or switch to a different remote device locallystoring the remote application. In other instances, the user may beasked to switch to an alternative remote device. The data for evaluatingthe performance of a remote device may be provided by a system tool(e.g., Windows Task Manager) and/or provided by a program or processexecuting on the remote device. In certain embodiments, switching to analternative device may involve terminating the application executingremotely on the original selected device.

According to certain embodiments, a remote application may beidentified/selected for accessing data associated with a remotely orlocally stored file. The remote application may be identified/selectedfor the purpose of opening, accessing, editing, viewing, etc. on auser's device the contents or data of any stored file regardless ofwhere the computer program has been installed. For example, access to aremote computer program according to embodiments of the presentinvention may be performed by matching a file type of a file and acorresponding computer program installed on a remote computer. Forinstance, a user may open a word-processing document on a remotecomputer by selecting a word-processing file in, for example, a clientprogram 300 shown in FIG. 1. In turn, a remote device may execute a“Microsoft Word” program, access the selected word-processing file or acopy of the selected word-processing file, and transmit a display of the“Microsoft Word” program executing at the remote computer to the clientprogram. Embodiments of the present invention provide systems andmethods for first selecting a remote device and then further selecting aremote computer program installed on the remote device. Additionally,embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods forfirst selecting a remote computer program and then further selecting aremote device having the remote computer program installed thereon.

In certain embodiments, available remote programs/devices may be limitedto those associated with a particular user. In certain embodiments,available remote programs/devices may include those of a user's group,or on an even wider scale—a group of remote programs/devices madeavailable for use (devices unknown to a user). For example, a user mayhave three PCs (each a candidate remote device) each with a copy ofMicrosoft Word (each a candidate remote program) locally installed.According to certain embodiments, only the user's three PCs could becandidates for selection to execute Microsoft Word or other candidateprograms remotely. In certain embodiments a user may be allowed toexecute candidate remote programs on their devices (e.g., the three PCs)and those candidate devices associated with a close group (e.g., thedevices of family members). In certain embodiments, certain users orservice providers may make their remote devices/programs available foruse by the public generally or to specific subscribers. Generallyspeaking, this type of device/program sharing allows devices/programs tobe used to their fullest potential instead of lying dormant (e.g., whena local user is not engaged with a particular device/program). Usersmaking remote devices/programs available to others may be compensated(e.g., based on usage, the number of devices/programs available, and/orthe duration of availability). In certain embodiments, when a program isexecuted and accessed remotely a notification is provided to anadministrator associated with the remote device. For example, a messagebox may be displayed at the remote device or an email or other suitablemessage may be sent. In certain embodiments, access restrictions (e.g.,number of running instances) for the remote device/program aredetermined and enforced.

In certain embodiments, a remote computer program may not be initiallystored locally on a remote computer. In these instances, the remotecomputer program may be cloned and/or installed on-demand at the remotecomputer before, during and/or after the connection of user to theremote device. In certain embodiments, the remote computer may itself bea virtual server or virtual instance that may be cloned and/or installedon a physical or virtual machine. For example, a virtual instance may beinstalled and/or used at the user's device itself or a previouslyunknown remote device when other known remote computers would notprovide adequate performance according to the factors discussed herein.For instance, a user may be in a location where no previously knownremote computers are accessible, have high network latency, or otherwisehave insufficient computing resources (CPU speed, memory).

When executing programs on a remote device for remote use it may bebeneficial to isolate them from other programs executing on the device.This program isolation allows the remotely accessed program to beindependent of other programs on the remote device, such that if theremotely accessed program should fail or crash, other programs will beunaffected. Program isolation also provides benefits when programs areaccessed remotely by previously unknown users or other users (e.g.,family members), as discussed above. For example, program isolation mayprevent the remotely accessing user from viewing, modifying, orotherwise accessing files or data outside the isolated region/session.Data/files within the isolated region/session may include all data/filesneeded to provide the user with remote access to the remote program.Data outside the isolated region/session may include the typicaldata/files associated with the device (e.g., other applications, picturefiles, personal documents). Program isolation may be provided by virtualmachines, virtual applications, chroot techniques, FreeBSD jails, or anyother suitable technique.

Reference is now made to FIG. 1, which is a schematic block illustrationof a computer system 10 for identifying, executing, and providingcontinuing access to a remote computer program according to someembodiments of the present invention. Computer system 10 may include aprogram identification tool 100, a client application 300, a databaseserver 500, a cloud file-sharing service 400, and a gateway server 600.

In some embodiments of the present invention, database server 500 mayinclude a database 515, which may be used for storing identifier datafor making connections between a user device and a remote device.Identifier data may include relations and/or connections between serversand/or remote devices and/or workstations, remote computer IP addresses,MAC ids, associations between remote computer programs andfile-types/formats, remote computer names, programs installed orexisting on each remote computer, remote computer locations, and/orprogram icon information. Additionally, database 515 may includeadditional data for analyzing the status and/or performance of remotecomputers. For example, such data may include information pertaining towhether a remote computer is online or offline. Other data relating tohardware performance factors may also be stored, such as: network cardtype (e.g., 10/100/1000 M), CPU properties (e.g., clock-speed and/orarchitecture type), or the total amount of RAM. Other data in database515 may include data related to the current state of the remote device,such as: network bandwidth, network latency, CPU loading, available RAM.Identifier data or other data may be stored in non-volatile media (e.g.,a hard drive) or in volatile media (e.g., RAM).

In some embodiments of the present invention, database server 500 mayinclude application manager 510, which may analyze and/or manageassociations between remote computers, programs installed on each remotecomputer, and file-types/formats associated with and/or supported byeach installed program. Application manager 510 may select acorresponding remote computer to be connected to client application 300or a client device, and run a selected program on the remote device. Theremote computer may be selected using certain performance factors, forexample, the location of the remote computer, the distance from clientapplication 300 or client device to the remote computer, network speed,remote computer hardware, and/or remote computer loading.

In some embodiments, application manager 510 may transmit database 515to client application 300, to the client device in general, or toapplications module 350 in particular. In certain embodiments,application manager 510 may filter the data to be transmitted. Forexample, client device may receive a single application informationpackage that represents similar applications that are installed on oneor more remote computers and/or that may be installed on-demand. Usinginformation transmitted to the client device, client application 300 maydisplay an application icon indicating that the program is available.This application icon or image may also be used in the display of fileshaving file-types/formats associated with the program. In this case, theuser may be unaware that the application is actually located on a remotedevice or on which device the program is installed. The user may thenrequest to run this program (e.g., by clicking on an associated file)and the system may then automatically find, select and/or connect to aselected corresponding remote device and then run the program on theselected remote device, and/or access the associated file.

In certain embodiments, gateway server 600 may include a database 615,which may be used for storing identifier data for making connectionsbetween a user device and a remote computer. The identifiers and datastored in database 615 may be similar to the identifiers and data storedby database 515, discussed herein. Gateway server 600 may allocatesuitable communication channels and serve as bridge and/or intermediarybetween a client device and a remote device. Additionally, gatewayserver 600 may establish connections between servers and/or workstationsand/or databases. For example, gateway server may access a database thatincludes information about applications and users, such as applicationlocation information (e.g., on which remote devices an application isstored), access limitations (e.g., the number of allowed users of anapplication or data specifying the names or ids of users allowed toaccess an application), logging data and/or any other suitable data.

In some embodiments, program identification tool 100 may identify adevice. For example, the device may be identified by receiving,analyzing, and/or storing one or more of the following: a device ID, anoperating system id, a network MAC id, device name, GUID/UUID, and/orany other information that may be collected to enable uniqueidentification of the device. After uniquely identifying a device,program identification tool 100 may register the device in a databasestored either locally or remotely. The device may be registered bystoring one or more identifiers in a database. The database may bestored on database server 500 or gateway 600.

Additionally, in some embodiments, program identification tool 100 maymanually or automatically periodically update the database. For example,the database may be updated with information regarding the connectionstatus (e.g., online/offline) of remote computers. The database may alsobe updated with other information that may be needed to establishcommunication between client application 300 and/or a client device anda remote computer. In some embodiments of the present invention, gateway600, database server 500, and/or client program 300 may initiate arequest for data updates and/or status updates from programidentification tool 100, without waiting for updates initiatedautomatically by program identification tool 100.

In some embodiments of the present invention, system 10 may include aconnection to a cloud file-sharing service 400, which may be or includeany third party cloud file-sharing service such as Dropbox, GoogleDocs/Drive, Box and/or Skydrive, which may provide files and contentsynchronization between devices. Cloud file-sharing services differ fromtraditional remote file-sharing utilities (such as those exemplified bya UNIX style NFS “mount”). Importantly, cloud file-sharing servicesallow a user to access a local copy (which are available offline as wellas online) of files stored remotely by the cloud file-sharing service,while also providing synchronization services between the remotelystored copy and the user's local copy.

In certain embodiments, accessing a file from a file-sharing service mayinvolve determining whether a file-sharing service client is installedon a device, such as a remote device. In certain embodiments, thefile-sharing service client is started if it is determined that thefile-sharing service client is installed. In certain embodiments, if itis determined that the file-sharing service client is not installed, thefile-sharing service client is installed. In certain embodiments, if itis determined that the file-sharing service client is not installed oris stopped, a file may be copied from the file-sharing service, anotherdevice (e.g., the user's device), or a system/server to a device andperiodically synchronized (e.g., upon identifying a change to the copiedfile) from the device to the file-sharing service or to the otherdevice/system/server, without installing the file-sharing service client(e.g., through a provided API).

Client application 300 may be used to display and synchronize a user'sfiles on any device or workstation. In accordance with the presentinvention, such files may be accessed using a remote program installedon a remote computer. In some embodiments, program identification tool100 may open files on a remote computer. For example, by identifying aremote application and remote device associated with a selected file,establishing a connection between the client device and the remotedevice, causing the remote device to execute the remote application, andcausing the remote program to access the selected file or a copy of theselected file.

Additionally, when a remote computer is disconnected from a network(offline) or otherwise unavailable, in some embodiments, system 10 mayselect an alternative remote computer and/or a different remoteapplication for accessing the selected file. Further, by using a cloudfile-sharing service 400 for synchronizing changes to the file beingaccessed, by the remote application, the user is able to access thelatest and most up-to-date version of the file. This enable the user tocontinue working on the same file (or same file data) on the alternativeremote computer should the connection to a previously selected remotecomputer fail.

Program identification tool 100 may include program manager 190,communication module 140, and remote access module 150. Program manager190 may include file module 130 and selector module 120. Program manager190 may select a computer program and identify it using selector module120. File module 130 may be used to analyze, detect, and identify all ofthe file-types/formats associated with a computer program. Any file datacollected, analyzed, and produced by selector module 120 and/or filemodule 130 may be passed from computer program module 190 eitherdirectly or indirectly to a database through communication module 140.The database may be located at database server 500 and/or gateway 600.

Program manager 190 may identify running programs, analyze files openedor accessed by running programs, execute computer programs, open a fileusing a computer program (e.g., by simulating a double click on the filethrough an Operating System (OS) API, and/or save changes to a fileopened by a computer program. Computer program module 190 may alsosynchronize files modified by a computer program with a cloudfile-sharing service (e.g., cloud file-sharing service 400). Bysynchronizing the file with a file-sharing service, the latest versionof the file becomes available to all remote computers with access to thefile-sharing service, which enables continuing access to the file onother remote computers.

Communication module 140 may transfer data and/or manage communicationbetween computer program identification tool 100 and/or its modules andgateway 600, database 500, cloud file-sharing service 400 and clientapplication 300 and/or its modules, for example communication module310.

Remote access module 150 may manage remote access protocols. Remoteaccess module may create new remote sessions between a user's device anda remote device. Remote access module 150 may also perform userinterface abstraction between the user's device and client device. Forexample, remote access module may receive mouse, touch, keyboard actionsand/or other user interface events from the user device and transmit thedisplay data or other state information from the remote device to theuser's device, for example to client application 300.

File module 130 may analyze and/or detect all the file-types/formatsassociated with a computer program, for example, by using an operatingsystem SDK/API or any other suitable technique. For example, computerprogram and file-type/format associations may be detected by readingcertain registry keys for Windows operating systems. For instance, afile with a “.doc” extension may be opened using the Microsoft Wordprogram. File module 130 may be used to directly open a file with acorresponding computer program, for example, by using the computerprogram interface. File module 130 may also be used to indirectly open afile by executing a shell program and identifying the file to open. Forinstance, file module 130 may indirectly open a file by simulating adouble click on a file in a file explorer program.

Client program 300 may include a display module 320 to display theremote device display or other remote device state or outputs, afile-sharing module 330 to manage the communication with the cloud fileservice 400, an applications module 350 to manage the communicationto/and from database server 500, and a match module 360 that mayassociate file-types/formats with applications (computer programs), acommunication module 310, and/or remote access module 340.

Client application 300 may be executed on a separate (for example,remote) workstation than program identification tool 100. Programidentification tool 100 may connect to client application 300 through anetwork using any existing remote access protocol. The remote accessprotocol may be used to display the status of the remote screen orremote application window in client program 300 (e.g., using displaymodule 320). The remote access protocol may also be used to transmitactions based on mouse, touch events, keyboard action, and/or any otheruser interface action from client program 300. Remote access module 340and remote access module 150 may include any existing remote accessmechanism to establish the communication, transmission, and display ofthe screen and/or of user interface events.

In some embodiments, application names, icons and/or images, and filesnames, icons, and/or images may be displayed by client application 300(e.g., using display module 320). A user may select an application orfile by tapping or clicking on a displayed name, icon, and or image. Incertain embodiments, a further indication may be displayed by clientapplication 300 indicating that a file is accessible by a remoteprogram. For example, an indicator may be placed next to or within aname or icon associated with a file (e.g., a “green light,” indicatingthe file may be accessed, a “red light,” indicating the file may not beaccessed, a “yellow light,” indicating limited access or performanceissues). In certain embodiments, the associated name or icon itselfindicates accessibility. For example, the name or icon may be displayedin shadow or “greyed out” to indicate that the file may not be accessedremotely. Accordingly, the client application 300 may find a remotecomputer associated with the selected application or file, establishcommunication with the remote computer, execute a computer program onthe remote computer, and/or open the selected file with the associatedcomputer program. The remote computer may then transmit the imagedisplay state of the remote application or the entre display state tothe client application 300 for display to the user, for example bydisplay module 320 on the user's device.

In some embodiments of the present invention, icons and/or images for aremote program or any file-type/format may be associated with acorresponding program icon and displayed to the user in clientapplication 300, for example by display module 320. Icon and/or imagedata for a remote program may be read by file module 130 using operatingsystem services, APIs, or registry information. Icon and/or image datamay then be stored (e.g., in a database, such as database 515 and/or615). This icon association may be performed by match module 360.

Client application 300 may be a web browser (e.g., Internet Explorer,Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox). Client application 300 may use webpagesor window forms generated by other remote device (server, workstation,mobile device, tablets, and/or wearable devices). Client application 300may also use webpages within an existing web application and/or website(such as Facebook, Google-+, LinkedIn or any other website). Asdescribed herein, client application 300 may be used to displayapplications and files, and to execute remote applications directly orindirectly by selecting a file using information received from programidentification tool 100, database server 500, gateway 600, and/or cloudfile-sharing service 400.

Client application 300 may be implemented as a web-based application,window, and/or mobile device oriented application (native mobile app).In some embodiments of the present invention, connection from the user'sdevice to a remote computer may be accomplished, for example, by usingstandard internet protocols. For instance, the user's device may connectto the program identification tool 100 using the HTTP protocol.

In some embodiments, the same program may be installed on more than oneremote computer and may be displayed as only a single icon, image,and/or text string in client application 300. Similarly, in someembodiments, more than one program may be installed for handling a givenfile-type/format on one or more remote computers and may also bedisplayed as only a single icon, image, and/or text string in clientapplication 300. In other embodiments, selecting a program or file willreveal a list of remote devices and/or applications associated with theselected remote program or file. In this case, the file itself may beseen as a folder or directory leading to a further listing of remotemachines and/or applications. Remote machines and/or applications may beorganized separately or together. Further selecting a remote machine orapplication may cause a remote machine to execute an application and/oropen the selected file or a copy of the selected file. In someembodiments of the present invention, client application 300 mayassociate files and the programs, for example, using match module 360which may match file-types/formats for a file with one or morecorresponding remote program(s) that support accessing (e.g., viewingand/or modifying) the particular file-type/format.

Additionally or alternatively, a supported program may be presented evenwithout first being installed on any remote computer. In this case, theapplication may be installed on-demand on a remote computer, when theprogram or an associated file-type/format is selected by the user. Theremote computer for program installation may be selected as discussedherein.

In some embodiments, all or some of the connections between programidentification tool 100, client application 300, gateway 600, cloudfile-sharing service 400, and database server 500 may be manageddirectly, by communication module 140, and/or communication module 310.

In some embodiments of the present invention, application module 350 andfile-sharing module 330 may manage the connection between clientapplication 300 and database server 500, gateway 600, and/or cloudfile-sharing service 400. In addition, in some embodiments of thepresent invention, application module 350 and/or file-sharing module 330may be or include virtual machine components or modules, and/oradditionally be integrated and/or implemented in other modules or partsof other modules in the system 10.

In some embodiments, file-sharing module 330, application module 350,and/or match module 360 may be implemented on database server 500 and/orin other servers or parts of system 10, for example in gateway 600,and/or as part of another module and/or be merged in one or more modulesand or within another module such as display module 320 and/or programmanager 190.

In certain embodiments, client application 300 may execute additionaloperations, such as: traversing firewalls, enforcing security policies,activating a workflow, and/or other operations as described herein.

In some embodiments of the present invention, client application 300 mayreceive and display images generated by a remote computerdevice/program. In certain instances, client application 300 may displaythe entire desktop of the remote computer. In other instances, clientapplication 300 may display only an image associated with the remotecomputer program itself (e.g., a window). All mouse, touch events,keyboard, and/or other user interface actions may be routed between theuser's device and remote devices. The display and the remote userinterface may be implemented by any existing remote access protocoland/or third-party modules, such as: LogMeIn, TeamViewer, VNC, MicrosoftRDP, and/or GoToMyPC.

In some embodiments, client application 300 may provide parameters(e.g., display resolution) and/or other data (e.g., connectioninformation) to enable the remote access solution to connect andoperate. In certain instances, client application 300 will provideinformation to the remote access solution for selecting whether todisplay the entire desktop of the remote device or just a remoteapplication specific screen (e.g., a window). Furthermore, duringoperation, user interface events such as mouse, keyboard, and/or touchinputs may be transmitted using communication module 140, communicationmodule 310, and/or the remote access solution to the remote computer.

Communication module 140 within program identification tool 100 as wellas communication module 310 within client application 300 may be avirtual module, i.e., implemented as part of a virtual machine. Thecommunication format of communication module 140 as well ascommunication module 310 may be encrypted to provide additional securityor adapted for any suitable communication technology.

In some embodiments, a QR code, HCCB, URL, or any other suitable type ofcode or link may be generated. The code/link may serve as an identifierand provide information suitable to make a connection with a remotedevice, to execute a remote program on the remote device, and/or open afile. The code/link may be generated by a module such as clientapplication 300, gateway 600, database server 500, and/or programidentification tool 100. The code may also be saved, for example, indatabase 515, database 615, and/or in another suitable storage location.Program identification tool 100 and/or client application 300 maytransmit the code/link to a user or several users. The code/link may betransmitted or shared using any known technique. For example, thecode/link may be transmitted via e-mail, SMS, and/or via a web-page. Thecode/link may be processed in response to a triggering event (e.g., byscanning, capturing it from a display using a device coupled to acamera, and/or clicking on the code/link). In certain embodiments, thedevice is executing client application 300. The code/link may beprocessed by client application 300, database server 500, and/or gateway600. If the code/link is processed by client application 300, aconnection may be made between a remote device identified by thecode/link, a remote program identified by the code may also be executedon the remote device, and/or a file may be accessed by the remoteprogram, with client application 300 providing a user interface to theremote program as discussed herein. Processing of the code/link mayrequire exchange of additional data and/or instructions. For exampleadditional data may be exchanged with gateway 600, client application300, and/or database server 500. Examples of additional data to beexchanged include: IP addresses, access/security limitations, expiryinformation for the code/link, and/or any other required data. Thecode/link may also contain or be associated with additional information(e.g., information stored in a database). For example, the code/link maycontain or be associated with access control information. Access controlinformation may include a username/password, files-access permissions,address information (e.g., IP, MAC, or other addresses), and/or expiryinformation. The authenticity of the code/link may be verified usingthis additional information or other data contained in the code itself

The code/link may be in any data format. For example, the code/link maybe an image (e.g., a PNG, BMP, JPG, GIF, or another image format), ahyperlink, raw binary data, a list of files/applications, orinstructions. The code/link may include information such as: a URL,application name, application directory path, or other additionalparameters.

If the code/link is valid, by processing the information in thecode/link, client application 300 may establish a connection with aremote computer, and/or remote program as discussed herein. In someembodiments, the code/link contains or is associated with expiryinformation. For example the code/link may be limited to: a certainnumber of connections to a computer device/program, accessing a specificfile with an associated computer program/device, a certain expirationdate, and/or period of usage. When code/link has limited use connectionsmade using the code may be recorded and stored. The number ofconnections made using a code/link may be stored in a database (e.g.,database 515 or 615) or in other suitable storage.

In some embodiments, the code/link may include a URL. By processing sucha code/link, it may connect an application (e.g., client application300) or the user's device to a remote computer program and access a fileusing the remote program. In other cases, processing of the code/linkmay cause the user's device to execute an internet browser, or execute anative app or application to enable the user to interface with a remoteprogram and/or access a file using the remote program.

Reference is now made to FIG. 2, which is a flowchart illustrating amethod 200 for identifying a remote program according to embodiments ofthe present invention. As indicated in block 210, the method may includeselecting a remote program from programs installed or available on acandidate remote device. Remote programs installed on a device may belocated using an appropriate operating system function call/API orregistry search. The program may be selected manually by a user and/orautomatically by detecting all programs installed or available on thedevice. As indicated in block 220, the method may include analyzing anduniquely identifying a remote program. Remote programs may be uniquelyidentified by name, icon and/or image, version, developer, manufacturer,assembly code, cryptographic signature, hashing the applicationexecutable/binaries, GUID/UUID, and/or using any other suitabletechnique to uniquely identify a computer program. Additionally, themethod may include analyzing and/or identifying all file-types/formatsassociated with the remote program. Generally, an associatedfile-type/format is one that can be accessed (e.g., viewed and/oredited) by the remote program. As indicated in block 230, the method mayinclude registering the remote program by transmitting information aboutthe remote program. The information may be transmitted to databaseserver 500 and/or gateway 600 to be saved or stored (e.g., in database515 or 615).

Saving/storing this information allows association between remotedevices, remote programs, and/or file-types/formats, as discussedherein. In some embodiments, the information may be saved locally at thedevice and/or be transmitted directly to client program 300 (e.g., usingcommunication module 140 and/or communication module 310).

Reference is now made to FIG. 3, which is a flowchart illustrating amethod 900 for selecting a remote program according to certainembodiments of the present invention. As indicated in block 910, themethod may include retrieving a list of registered remote programs. Theregistered remote programs may have been identified, selected, andregistered by different devices, as described in FIG. 2. As indicated inblock 920, the method may include identifying remote programs that maybe installed locally on one or more remote devices. In some embodimentsof the present invention, as indicated in block 930, the method mayinclude displaying a list of the remote programs to the user. Forexample, a list of remote programs may be displayed using clientapplication 300 and/or display manager 320. In some embodiments, whenmore than one of the same remote program is installed and/or availableon more than one remote device(s) the remote program may be displayedonly once (e.g., using only a single name or icon). In some embodiments,the same remote program may be identified using a saved uniqueidentifier as described in step 220 of FIG. 2. Identifier data or otherdata may be stored in non-volatile media (e.g., a hard drive) or involatile media (e.g., RAM).

Reference is now made to FIG. 4, which is a flowchart illustrating amethod 700 for providing continuing access to a remote program accordingto embodiments of the present invention. As indicated in block 710, themethod may include selecting a remote program to be executed. The remoteprogram may be selected by a user, for example using client application300. Alternatively, the remote program may be selected automatically,for example, by a timer or agent. As indicated in block 720, the methodmay include selecting an associated remote device on which the selectedremote program is installed or available. In some embodiments of thepresent invention, the method may additionally employ filters forselecting and/or displaying a list of remote devices. For example,remote devices that are offline and/or do not have the selected remoteprogram may be ignored and not displayed. Additionally or alternatively,the method may include finding remote devices that will provide anacceptable user experience. For example, the remote devicegeographically closest to the user's device may be selected.Additionally or alternatively, the method may include finding the devicehaving the best hardware (e.g., CPU, memory, graphics card), lowestnetwork latency, highest network bandwidth, and/or most availableresources. In some embodiments, when a remote program is registered, aregistration timestamp may also be saved. The remote device may also beselected using the recorded time stamp. For example, if two devices aredetermined to have equivalent performance, the remote device may beselected using the earliest or latest timestamp. Additionally oralternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention, a user mayassign, priorities to remote devices and/or remote programs. The remoteprogram and/or remote device may then be selected using the assignedpriority. The user may define the priorities of remote programs andremote devices, independently or dependently. Priorities of remoteprograms and remote devices may be combined to generate an overallpriority.

As indicated in block 730, the method may include connecting to theremote device selected as in block 720, and causing the remote device toexecute the selected remote program. As discussed herein, the remoteaccess/user interface mechanisms between the remote device and theuser's device may be done directly or through other remote accessprotocols and/or third-party solutions, such as: LogMein, TeamViewer,Microsoft RDP, VNC, and/or GoToMyPC. In some embodiments, the stepindicated in block 730 may be performed in two or more sub-steps. Thefirst sub-step may include connecting to and/or executing the remoteprogram on the selected remote computer. The second sub-step may includeestablishing a remote user interface, as discussed herein to transmituser interface events at one device to a second device and transmitimages generated by the second device to the first device.

As indicated in block 740, the method may include detecting a failure ofthe connection between the selected remote device and the user's device.Upon detecting such a failure, the user's device or another device mayretry to re-establish communication between the original selected remotedevice and the user's device. Alternatively, an alternative remotedevice may be selected to run the selected remote program and/oralternative remote program. The alternative remote device and/oralternative remote program may be selected as described herein.

Reference is now made to FIG. 5, which is a flowchart illustrating amethod 800 for accessing a file using an associated remote programaccording to embodiments of the present invention. As indicated in block810, the method may include matching files in a list of files to remoteprograms according to some embodiment of the present invention. Forexample, a list of files may be received from the user's device,database server 600, cloud file-sharing service 400, or another source.The files in the list of files may be matched to one or more associatedremote programs. Matching may be performed by database server 600,gateway 500, program identification tool 190, client application 300, oranother suitable computing device or module. A file may be matched toone or more remote programs by determining the file-type/format of thefile and comparing it to the same file-types/formats previouslydetermined to be accessible by a given remote program. Previousassociations may have been determined and saved as described herein withrespect to file module 130.

As indicated in block 820, the method may include selecting a file foraccess (e.g., view or modify). A file may be selected by clicking on thedisplayed file name and/or a display icon associated with the file. Filenames and/or icons may be displayed by client application 300 or displaymodule 320. As indicated in block 830, the method may includeautomatically determining or having the user select an associated remoteprogram, and/or automatically determining or having the user select anassociated remote device. The remote program and/or remote device may bedetermined and/or selected as described herein. Block 830 may alsoinclude connecting to the selected remote device, causing the remotedevice to execute the selected remote program and/or causing the remoteprogram to access the selected file. In certain embodiments, the filemay include the state of a virtual machine or virtual application. Inthese instances opening the file restores the state of a virtualapplication/machine allowing the user to return precisely to the pointin time the state was last captured or synchronized, for example byrestoring device/program state/settings that are not captured in otherfile-types (e.g., Word documents).

In certain embodiments, causing the remote program to access theselected file may involve accessing the file from a file-sharingservice, which may further require determining whether a file-sharingservice client is installed on a device, such as a remote device. Incertain embodiments, the file-sharing service client is started if it isdetermined that the file-sharing service client is installed. In certainembodiments, if it is determined that the file-sharing service client isnot installed, the file-sharing service client is installed. In certainembodiments, if it is determined that the file-sharing service client isnot installed or is stopped, a file may be copied from the file-sharingservice, another device (e.g., the user's device), or a system/server toa device and periodically synchronized (e.g., upon identifying a changeto the copied file) from the device to the file-sharing service or tothe other device/system/server, without installing the file-sharingservice client (e.g., through a provided API).

As indicated, block 840 includes setting up a remote user interfacebetween the user's device and the remote device. As discussed herein,the remote access/user interface mechanisms between the remote deviceand the user's device may be done directly or through other remoteaccess protocols and/or third-party solutions, such as: LogMein,TeamViewer, Microsoft RDP, VNC, and/or GoToMyPC. In some embodiments,the step indicated in block 840 may be performed in two or moresub-steps. The first sub-step may include connecting to and/or executingthe remote program on the selected remote computer. The second sub-stepmay include establishing a remote user interface, as discussed herein.

As indicated in block 840, the method may also include detecting afailure of the connection between the selected remote device and theuser's device. Upon detecting such a failure, the user's device oranother device may retry to re-establish communication between theoriginal selected remote device and the user's device. Alternatively, analternative remote device may be selected to run the selected remoteprogram perhaps using the same or an alternative remote program. Thealternative remote device and/or alternative remote program may beselected as described herein.

Reference is now made to FIG. 6, which illustrates a system 1100according to certain embodiments of the invention. System 1100 comprisesat least two devices but may include a greater number of devices. Eachdevice may be coupled to a network 1170. System 1100 may include adevice 1110, 1120, 1130, 1150 configured to transmit a list ofapplications stored locally that are candidates for remote execution.System 1100 may include a device 1110, 1120, 1130, 1150 configured toreceive the list of candidate applications. The list of applications maybe received and transmitted in any suitable manner, such as thosediscussed herein. Device 1110, 1120, 1130, 1150 may also be configuredto: associate a file-type identifier with candidate applications in areceived list of candidate applications, store a device identifierassociated with a device, and/or store an application identifierassociated with a candidate applications. Identifiers may be associatedand stored in any suitable manner, such as those described herein.Device 1110, 1120, 1130, 1150 may also be configured to provide a listof files to be accessed remotely. The list of files may be provided inany suitable manner (e.g., from a file-sharing service). System 1100includes a device 1140, which may have a user 1160. Device 1140 may beconfigured to receive a list of files from another device and/or from afile-sharing service. Device 1140 may also be configured to transmit aselection identifying a file from a list of files (e.g., the receivedlist of files). Receiving and transmitting may be done in any suitablemanner, such as those described herein. Device 1110, 1120, 1130, 1150may also be configured to receive a selection identifying a file anddetermine a target file-type identifier associated with the identifiedfile. A target file-type identifier may be determined in any suitablemanner, such as those discussed herein. Device 1110, 1120, 1130, 1150may also be configured to select a stored device identifier and/or astored application identifier based on a determined target file-typeidentifier. Identifiers may be selected in any suitable manner, such asthose discussed herein. Device 1110, 1120, 1130, 1150 may also beconfigured to transmit an identified file and/or a selected applicationidentifier based on a selected device identifier. A file or identifiermay be transmitted in any suitable manner, such as those discussedherein. System 1100 also includes a device 1110, 1120, 1130, 1150configured to receive a transmitted application identifier and/or anidentified file. A file or identifier may be received in any manner,such as those discussed herein. Device 1110, 1120, 1130, 1150 may alsobe configured to execute an application locally based on a receivedapplication identifier or a received identified file. An application maybe executed in any suitable manner, such as those discussed herein.Device 1110, 1120, 1130, 1150 may also be configured to cause anexecuted application to access a copy of an identified file, and/orsynchronize a copy of an identified file with a file-sharing service. Acopy of a file may be accessed and/or synchronized with a file-sharingservice in any suitable manner, such as those discussed herein.

Reference is now made to FIG. 7, which is a flowchart illustrating amethod 1200 according to certain embodiments of the invention. Asindicated in step 1210, the method may include receiving a list ofcandidate remote applications local to a device. As indicated in step1220, the method may include associating a file-type identifier with areceived candidate application. As indicated in step 1230, the methodmay include storing a device identifier associated with a device. Asindicated in step 1240, the method may include providing to anotherdevice a list of files to be accessed remotely. As indicated in step1250, the method may include receiving a selection from a user at adevice identifying a file from a provided list of files. As indicated instep 1260, the method may include determining a target file-typeidentifier associated with an identified file. As indicated in step1270, the method may include selecting a stored device identifier and/orselecting a stored application identifier based on a target file-typeidentifier. As indicated in step 1280, the method may include executinga candidate application associated with a selected applicationidentifier locally on a selected device associated with a selecteddevice identifier. As indicated in step 1290, the method may includecausing a candidate application to access a copy of an identified file.As indicated in step 1295, the method may include synchronizing a copyof a file with a file-sharing service. The steps of method 1200 may beperformed in any suitable manner, such as those discussed herein.

Program identification tool 100 and remote client application 300 mayeach be, for example, a computer program, which may be stored in ageneral purpose computer or in an apparatus which may be speciallyconstructed for the purpose of using a file-sharing service to identify,execute, and provide continuing access to a remote computer program. Asmentioned herein, client application 300 may be executed on a different(for example, remote) workstation than program identification tool 100.Program identification tool 100 and client application 300 may each bestored in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such as,but not limited to, any type of memory device, including floppy disks,optical disks, magnetic-optical disks, read-only memories (ROM's),compact disc read-only memories (CD-ROM's), random access memories(RAM's), electrically programmable read-only memories (EPROM's),electrically erasable and programmable read only memories (EEPROM's),FLASH memory, magnetic or optical cards, or any other type of mediasuitable for storing.

Program identification tool 100 and client application 300 may each beimplemented in computers, wireless, handheld, and/or portablecommunication devices, such as, for example, wireless and cellulartelephones, smart telephones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tabletcomputers, wearable devices and any device that may provide wired and/orwireless access to a network such as, an intranet or the internet. Incertain embodiments program identification tool 100 may be installeddirectly on a device running a commodity operating system (Windows,Linux, OSX, Android, IOS, etc.) as a user or system program/service.This direct installation technique allows a user to install computerprogram identification tool 100 in the same manner as any other programis installed, while also allowing the user to remotely access programsinstalled on the device on which program identification tool 100 isinstalled. In certain embodiments, direct installation of programidentification tool 100 on a device allows remote access to applicationslocally installed on the device without virtualization (i.e., theapplication runs natively on the device, without machine or applicationvirtualization). It is appreciated that the present invention may beused in a variety of applications.

It will be appreciated that the terms “computer”, “workstation”,“device” and “machine” may be used interchangeably and havesubstantially the same meaning in the present document. It will also beappreciated that the terms “program”, “software” and “application” maybe used interchangeably and have substantially the same meaning in thepresent document.

While there have been shown and described various novel features of theinvention as applied to particular embodiments thereof, it will beunderstood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in theform and details of the systems, methods and media described andillustrated, may be made by those skilled in the art without departingfrom the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art willrecognize, based on the above disclosure and an understanding therefromof the teachings of the invention, that the particular hardware anddevices that are part of the invention, and the general functionalityprovided by and incorporated therein, may vary in different embodimentsof the invention. Accordingly, the particular system components, steps,and results shown in the accompanying figures are for illustrativepurposes to facilitate a full and complete understanding andappreciation of the various aspects and functionality of particularembodiments of the invention as realized in system and methodembodiments thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that theinvention can be practiced in other than the described embodiments,which are presented for purposes of illustration and not limitation, andthe present invention is limited only by the claims which follow.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system comprising: a first device configuredto: transmit a list of local applications that are candidates for remoteexecution; a second device configured to: receive the list of candidateapplications; associate at least one file-type identifier with at leastone of the candidate applications in the received list; store at leastone device identifier associated with the first device; store at leastone application identifier associated with each one of the candidateapplications; provide a list of files to be accessed either remotely orlocally; a third device configured to: receive a list of files from afile-sharing service; transmit a selection identifying at least one filefrom the received list; wherein the second device is further configuredto: receive the selection identifying the at least one file; determine atarget file-type identifier associated with the identified at least onefile based on the received selection; select at least one of the storeddevice identifiers and at least one of the stored applicationidentifiers based on the target file-type identifier; transmit theidentified at least one file or transmit the selected applicationidentifier based on the selected device identifier; and a fourth device,different or same from or the same as the third device, configured to:receive the transmitted application identifier or the identified atleast one file; execute an application locally based on the receivedapplication identifier or the received identified at least one file; andcause the executed application to access a copy of the identified atleast one file, wherein the copy of the identified at least one file issynchronized with a file-sharing service.
 2. The system of claim 1,wherein the one or more of the first, second, third and fourth devicesare the same device.
 3. A system comprising: a first device configuredto: generate a code or link to share an application for remoteexecution; generate a code or link including expiry information; asecond device configured to: receive a generated code or link of anapplication; send the generated code or link to third device to beanalyzed and executed; a third device configured to: receive a generatedcode or link; analyze the code or link and determine if it has expiredbased on the expiry information; select at least one device identifierassociated with the one of the devices have the shared applicationinstalled on; select at least one application identifier associated withthe shared applications; wherein the second device is further configuredto: receive the selection identifying the at least one application;select at least one of the stored device identifiers and at least one ofthe stored application identifiers; transmit the identified at least theselected application identifier based on the selected device identifier;and a fourth device, different from the third device, configured to:receive the transmitted application identifier; execute an applicationlocally based on the received application identifier.
 4. The system ofclaim 3, wherein one or more of the first, second, third and fourthdevices are the same device.
 5. The system of claim 3, wherein theexpiry information includes: a. a certain number of connections tocomputer devices or programs; b. accessing a specific file with anassociated computer program or device; c. a certain expiration dateand/or period of usage.
 6. A system comprising: a first deviceconfigured to: generate a code or link to share a file to be open by aremote application; generate a code or link including expiryinformation; a second device configured to: receive a generated code orlink of a file; send the generated code or link to third device to beanalyzed and executed; a third device configured to: receive a generatedcode or link; analyze the code or link and determine if it has expiredbased on the expiry information; select at least one of the storeddevice identifiers and at least one of the stored applicationidentifiers; transmit the identified at least the selected applicationidentifier based on the selected device identifier; and a fourth device,different from the third device, configured to: receive the transmittedapplication identifier or the identified at least one file; execute anapplication locally based on the received application identifier or thereceived identified at least one file; and cause the executedapplication to access a copy of the identified at least one file,wherein the copy of the identified at least one file is synchronizedwith a file-sharing service.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein one ormore of the first, second, third and fourth devices are the same device.8. The system of claim 6, wherein the expiry information includes: a. acertain number of connections to computer devices or programs; b.accessing a specific file with an associated computer program or device;c. a certain expiration date and/or period of usage.